First Born What We Call Alfa Romeo And Continue.
The history of Alfa Romeo begins in Portello, north west of Milan, Italy, near the road to the Simplon pass. The calendar shows the year 1906 when Alexandre Darracq, Frenchman and one of the pioneers of automobile construction, builds a modern factory on a 36HA lot. The products made as licence holder however, are not popular on the Italian market. Automobile enthusiasts from the surroundings of Portello step in and buy the factory. Soon the Società Anonima Lombarda Fabricia Automobili (A.L.F.A.) is founded. The foundation of the brand Alfa Romeo and over 90 years of fascinating automobiles has been established
The first factory in Portello (Milano) 1910
In 1910 the first A.L.F.A., the 24HP, leaves the Portello factory. The 24HP is designed, like many later models, by Giuseppe Merosi. The 4.1 liter engine with 42HP brings a top speed of over 100 km/h, a sensation for those days! Already from 1911 on A.L.F.A. proves its expertise in automobile construction by early motor sport successes. In spite of the sporting triumphs and the excellent image of the cars from Milan, the economical circumstances of Società Anonima Lombarda Fabricia Automobili are troubling as a result of the political and economical situation of those days. Soon the black clouds of World War I appear at the horizon and stop the production of civil automobiles in favour of war products. Thanks to the government orders, the high costs for labour and tooling of the not fully booked factory can be borne. It even comes worse: A.L.F.A. mistakenly does not buy Darraqc's shares. The Frenchman sells his shares to the Banca Italiana di Sconto which herewith acquires a majority shareholder stake. With fatal consequences: On 21 September 1915 the bank files A.L.F.A. for bankruptcy. The board of director is powerless in this event.

Giuseppe Merosi the first designing engineer of A.L.F.A.
Fortunately the Institute for the Financing and Development of the Italian War Industry (founded in in 1914) is interested in the founding of a new company, the "Accomandita Ing. Nicola Romeo & Co." On 2 December 1915 the bank delegates the responsibility for the new company to the employees. First general manager is the Napels born engineer Nicola Romeo.
Nicola Romeo, he names the company
It is not a large company, but the profitable war orders "will" weg lassen help the company to come back on its feet again after the war with the production of civil products. 1919 is the starting point of the new production of noble automobiles; making use of the excellent name of A.L.F.A. they are named Alfa Romeo. Thanks to the war profits and the after war economical boom, Alfa Romeo develops into one of Italy's leading car manufacturers.
The Alfa Romeo plant in Portello (Milano) 1924
Alfa Romeo, demonstrating its connection to the Milan head office with its company logo, is present on all major race tracks. In 1925 Alfa Romeo wins their first sports car championship of the world. At the wheel of the 140 HP P2 is Conte Brilli Peri.
In addition to the innovative cars with newest technology, the company produces tractors, trucks, busses, locomotives, train wagons as well as engines for ships and airplanes, with production facilities in Saronno, Naples, Triest and Rome.
However, the stock market crash on Black Friday in 1929 brings Alfa Romeo, like many other companies as well, at the edge of bankruptcy. To keep Alfa Romeo alive, and wanting to maintain another large car manufacturer in Italy next to Fiat, the Finmeccanica group, supported by IRI, the Italians Institute for Industrial resurrection (Istituto di Ricostruzione Industriale) overtakes Alfa Romeo in 1934. From 1930 the company is named "S.A. Alfa Romeo".
The Alfa Romeo automobiles of those days are the RL and RM series. Until World War II many very successful models with 6 and 8 cylinder engines between 1500 and 2900cc built for road and track follow. They represent the top in international automobile construction.
This is the Portello factory looked after the bombings in 1943
Then the lights go out over Europe. And when all is over, it is the same again: Clean up. Three bomb attacks in 1943 have destroyed 60% of the Portello factory; with the help of all 5.000 employees the company is rebuild.
As of 1946 the company is renamed in "Alfa Romeo S.p.A." and the first modified 6C2500 models leave the factory. With the end of the war, the huge demand for transportation required a different production method. Next to the less wanted, very expensive and complicated cars, the market has a demand for mass production cars. Alfa Romeo completes this change in 1950.
From the small factory in Portello (Milano) 1958...
In 1950, the year Alfa Romeo wins the world championship for the second time, the 4-cylinder Alfa Romeo 1900 is introduced. The 4-door saloon with monocoque body is a sensation. Although the technique can cope with the high Alfa Romeo standards, people are used to, Alfa Romeo's entrance into the segment of middle class cars does not only surprise the professional world. On its base several coupe and soft top versions are introduced. And, as tradition demands, the new cars from Milan are an instant success on track as well.
In 1954 the Guilietta the first "low budget" Alfa Romeo is introduced. The extension of the model range downwards proves to be a correct decision. The development of the Guilietta - only equiped with a 1300cc engine - is an instant success. Again, next to the saloon a coupe and a soft top (Spider) version are introduced. The Sprint called coupe comes with 4 different bodies. As always the beautiful cars are designed by well known designers as Bertone, Pininfarina and Zagato.
The ever expanding business soon outgrows the Portello factory. A new factory is soon built in Arese, followed in 1961 by a factory on the outskirts of Milan. In the same period a genial car, the unforgettable Giulia, is presented. Thanks to this first compact sports saloon, Alfa Romeo finally succeeds selling cars abroad as well. The Giulia was produced from 1962 to 1978 in Arese. With fascinating technique, sports car like top speed and acceleration, very interesting looks and, for those days, an exceptionally low Cw of 0.34, the Giulia becomes an affordable dream car.
... to the new one in Arese (Milano) 1961
One class above the Giulia the "2600" series is projected. Its outer appearance is very similar to the preceding 2000-series, but under the hood of the saloon, Coupé and Spider models a 6-cylinder engine develops up to 145 hp. When Touring, Alfa's body supplier for many years and also for the 2600 Spider, closes it's factory, the end of an era is apparent.
Not soon thereafter, based on the Giulia, the 1750 and 2000 Berlina are introduced. With the Berlina, the powerful DOHC-aluminium engines, introduced in the 1963 Giulia Sprint GT and the 1966 Spider, come into focus. Both Spider and the so-called "Bertone" coupe are a hit. The "Bertone" stays in production for 13 years. The Spider, designed and built by Pininfarina, is even produced for 27 years! The "Bertone" in the GTA lightweight version wins numerous European track races.
The 70's begin with three sensations. First the spectacular V8 sports car "Montreal" designed by Bertone's chief designer Marcello Gandini, and, almost at the same time, the new Saloon "Alfetta" with its trans-axle concept dating from the glorious Formula One world champion ship titles (engine in front, gearbox in the rear); this principle will be used for many models to come like the sensational RZ roadster. But the greatest attraction of all is the Alfasud, a revolutionary compact car. The Alfasud is made after a completely new design philosophy. For the production of the front wheel drive Alfasud a completely new factory was built near Naples in Pomigliano d'Arco. With it's large interior and the new rear, the Alfasud becomes the godfather of a new, and till today very important, class of compact cars. The timeless body design comes from ex-Bertone senior designer Giorgietto Giugiaro.
The Alfasud factory in Pomigliano d´Arco 1969
The Alfasud sells well. Nevertheless, with this unique car, pitiful times start. In spite of its dynamic boxer engine, perfect road handling and beautiful looks, the promising design does not contribute to the profitability of the company. The influence of politics, ongoing strikes and interventions by the "money suppliers" from Rome are devastating.
In the first half of the 80's the model range consists of the Spider, Alfasud, Alfasud Sprint, Giulietta, Alfetta, Alfetta GTV and Alfa 6. In 1983 the successor of the Alfasud, the 33, is introduced; with several big modifications, the 33 will remain in production for 12 years. In the end it develops 129 hp due to a new 16 V head. Next to the 5-door saloon, a station wagon version is launched in 1984, first named Giardinetta, later renamed Sportwagon. Just in time for the 75th company anniversary, the wedge shaped Alfa 75, based on the Giulietta, arrives in the show rooms. It will be the last Alfa Romeo to be built under the ownership of the Italian government.
In 1986 Fiat buys the Alfa shares from the Italian government. Finally, after 52 years, Alfa Romeo is privately owned again. Made as proof of their design capabilities, the unique appearance as well as the unprecedented road handling make the limited edition SZ (1000 cars) the company's sign board. More important for Alfa Romeo is the introduction of a large limousine; thanks to the new possibilities of the financially strong Fiat group, Alfa Romeo awakens to new life with the 164. Co-designing with several car manufacturers, as first done with the 164, will prove to be directional for the automotive world. Within the Fiat group the latter shows the way for Alfa Romeo to manufacture in a cost worthy way while giving room for maintaining their individuality. In spite of an intensive use of the synergy effects of the Fiat group, again and again Alfa Romeo succeeds in creating new models and types with typical Alfa Romeo properties. The successes of the Alfa Spider/GTV, Alfa 145/146, Alfa 156 and Alfa 166 are the best proof of this

Pomigliano d´Arco today, production plant of the Alfa 156
Where the new Spider starts a roadster renaissance, the Alfa 166 brings the sporty Italian style into the automobile upper class. The dynamics of the 156 follow the footsteps of the legendary Giulia. Being awarded with many prizes e.g. "Car Of The Year", the 156 brings Alfa Romeo new popularity. As always, and in best Alfa Romeo tradition, the 156, with its new design details, brings remembrance of old days without looking like a copy.